De Motu Cerebri: The History of the Study of Brain Pulsations
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چکیده
Pulsations of the brain were observed and noted since antiquity. Galenic concepts that the brain pulsations propel psychic pneuma to the nerves were challenged during the Renaissance and replaced by other theories. During the age of the Enlightenment, scientists began to study by observation and experiment whether these pulsations were generated by the dura mater, the respiratory movements or the beating of the heart through the arteries and the veins. The research efforts then moved to find out whether the pulsations were an innate physiological phenomenon or whether they appeared only when the skull was opened. The devices developed during the first half of the nineteenth century, enabled observing the brain while preserving the conditions of an unopened skull. They are the prototypes of nowadays instruments in clini-
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تاریخ انتشار 2010